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In 16th and 17th centuries the Portuguese and other medival practioners too have written extensively on ayurveda. Amongst the important ones in southern India ‘Hortus Indicus Malabaricus’ by Van Rheede was well renouned which had twelve volumes and there were several other western writers too, notably among them were ‘Thomas Rivevs, O. Kerbosa, L. De Costa, Wight, Beddome etc. The 18th and 19th centuries was a glorious period since a number of invaluable books were written by the western scholars after a painstaking research by them thereby making it amply easier for the present day researchers. Notably the first and formost among them was Dr. Roxburgh who was a ‘Father’ figure in the identification of plants. His ‘Flora Indica’ happens to be a treasure trove which has dealt extensively about their native and scientific names, description, places where they are found and importance. Later in 1810 Dr. John Flemming published ‘Asiatic Research’ a magazine detailing in Hindustani as well as Sanskrit names. The ‘Materia Medica’ by Dr. Ainslie, Moodeen Sheriff, Dr. Wight and Dr. Dymock are priceless texts. There are few other equally important region based texts too. Notable among them were Dr. Birdwoods book based on plants found in Bombay/Maharastra, Dr. Drury’s text on plants in Madras region and Dr. Baden Powell’s text ‘Punjab Products’. The ‘Indigenous Drugs’ by ‘Raibahadur’ Kanailal Dey was another renouned text. There were few more texts viz. "Hortus Suberbanus Calcuttensis" by Dr. Voigt, "Flora Of British Indica" by Sir. J.D.Hooker, "Bengal Plants" by Sir, David Prain, but notably among these were "The Indian Materia Medica" by Dr. Nandkarni and "Vonousodhi Dwarpan" by the noted Kaviraj (Ayurvedic Practioner) Viraajacharan Gupta "Kavyatirth". So far I have discussed about various texts by various scholars the Muniis and the Rishis etc. Now I shall go in some more details on the main topic. As we know the people on earth got themselves adapted to the climate and the place they started living in since the ancient times. Gradually they have built up their own society or community, they have their own languages and have developed their food habits accordingly which we see today. Just as an example the people who live near the desert region have one way of leading their life so as the people who live in high altitude near mountains and so as the people on the plains. They are completely different to one another in their living style. Exatly so to our plant kingdom. They too have got themselves adapted accordingly to their choice. We find mention to this in Rig Yajur the Atharva veda and in "Vriksayurveda" in period of "Samhitas".Beginning from the twelvth chapter and 80th sutra continuing for the entire chapter in Yajur Veda, in some parts of the Rig Veda and in Atharva Veda we come accross Vaidic guru "Soma" (I shall come to Soma later) the king of plant kingdom to whom the entire kingdom surrenders and tells their virtues after being asked. Being highly satisfied Soma asks them if they are prepared to spread world wide for the welfare of mankind to which they consent. There are detailed description in the texts regarding the places that would be ideal or suitable for them for its natural growth and moreover there are excerpts stating the plants that would become natural food for herbivores. Thereafter they dedicate themselves and tells "Soma" "Vutartha praninang pranahh voyang" which means please present us for the welfare of living beings. On hearing this Soma humbly submits to the Rishis "vutarth chintangchodoyeth" please dedicate them for the welfare of the living beings.
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